Tuesday, 24 September 2013
271 Henry Brand
Constituency : Lewes 1852-68 Cambridgeshire 1868-84 ( Speaker from 1872 )
Henry was a son of Baron Dacre , a general. He was educated at Eton. He served in the Coldstream Guards from 1832 to 1844. In 1846 he became private secretary to the home secretary Sir George Grey.He first became a whip during Aberdeen's ministry and continued under Palmerston. He was on the platform of the Administrative Reform Association's first public meeting in 1855.
Henry was appointed Chief Whip after the 1859 election and held the post to the end of Russell's ministry. In 1861 he warned Palmerston that not all the parliamentary Liberal party would support parliamentary reform. He also worried about the Irish situation telling Palmerston "you cannot carry on a government with a whole nation against you " and believed that only 10 out of the 50 or so Irish "Liberals " could be relied on without further concessions to the Catholics. He warned that the government could be defeated on Stansfield's economy motion. Despite his previous warnings he urged Palmerston to revive parliamentary reform as an issue before the election. He worried that Denmark's defeat in 1864 would further increase Victoria's unpopularity. His assessment of the party after Palmerston's death was "The Whigs hate Bright ; moreover many distrust Gladstone. Lord Russell is very unpopular; since Palmerston died he has greater proclivities for Bright... The fact is we have been resting too much on the Radical leg ". He drafted the redistribution aspects of the 1866 Reform Bill.
After the government's defeat Henry acted as senior whip during the Liberals' spell in opposition. As much of the blame fell on Gladstone's shoulders Henry predicted that "Granville will be the next prime minister".
Henry switched to Cambridgeshire when Lewes was reduced to a one member seat. He was not restored to office by Gladstone who preferred George Glyn in 1868. Perhaps Gladstone blamed him for the defeats he had suffered on parliamentary reform over the previous couple of years . He suggested Henry take over as Speaker in 1872.
There was some doubt that Henry was a fit and proper person for the role given his party background but he managed to win over the House with impartiality and urbane suavity. He had to deal with the obstructionist tactics of the Irish Nationalists. He was opposed to the Ground Game Bill in 1880.In 1881 he established a precedent by refusing further discussion on Forster's Coercion Bill after 41 hours which introduced the concept of closure. Henry's move was of doubtful legality but Gladstone regularised the procedure shortly afterwards .
Henry decided to retire on health grounds in 1884 and went to the Lords as Viscount Hampden, giving the Tories another by-election gain. He devoted the rest of his life to dairy farming. In 1890 he succeeded his brother as Baron Dacre.
He died in 1892 aged 77.
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