Monday, 1 April 2013
107 Sir George Grey
Constituency : Devonport 1832-47, North Northumberland 1847-52, Morpeth 1853-74
Sir George was the nephew of the Whig Prime Minister Lord Grey and a baronet in his own right. He was educated privately then went to Oxford. He started out with an intention to become a cleric but then became a barrister.
However his political career took off quickly. He was 33 when first elected and when Melbourne became Prime Minister in 1834 George was made Under-Secretary for War and the Colonies. He held that post till 1839 when he became Judge Advocate General and then he briefly joined the Cabinet as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in 1841. He returned to power with Russell in 1846 and began the first of three spells as Home Secretary. That year he passed the Baths and Washhouses Act which promoted the voluntary establishment of public baths. He was also majorly concerned with famine relief in Ireland and subduing the rebellion of 1848. He also earned plaudits for handling the last great Chartist demonstration that same year. In 1847 he voluntarily switched seats to North Northumberland but surprisingly lost the seat in the 1852 election. The following year he returned in a by-election for the neighbouring seat of Morpeth but initially declined to join the Aberdeen government perhaps out of loyalty to his cousin Henry who had been excluded.. He relented the following year and became Colonial Secretary. He refused to replace Palmerston as Home Secretary when the latter made a tactical resignation before the start of the Crimean War.
He did replace Palmerston as Home Secretary when the latter became PM in 1855. He was a loyal lieutenant to Palmerston and a quietly efficient minister. His 1856 Police Bill made it obligatory for all areas to have a police force and gave the Home Secretary new powers of oversight. The latter aspect gave rise to some Liberal opposition from anti-centralists. He also looked after the Colonies while Russell was in Vienna but was relieved by Palmerston himself after showing signs of strain. In 1857 he was asked by Palmerston to prepare some parluiamentary reform proposals for cabinet discussion. He unwittingly helped bring the first Palmerston government down by informing Russell of the government's intention to alter the conspiracy laws after the attempted assassination of Napoleon III.
In 1859 George again became Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster but moved to the Home Office again in 1861 when Cornewall Lewis moved to the War Office. George had been earmarked for the War Office himself but his doctors declared him unfit for it. He held the post till the end of Russell's government which he thought too aristocratic for the times.
George was ambivalent about parliamentary reform and tried to get off the hook with his constituents telling them that the failure of the 1860 Bill had shown a lack of appetite in the Commons and it was better to shelve further attempts in this parliament and concentrate on reforms which stood a better chance of success. In 1874 the local Liberal association gave the veteran Whig notice to quit in favour of the miners' leader Thomas Burt and he retired to the family estate of Fallodon.
George was the grandfather of the future Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey.
He died in 1882 aged 83.
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