Wednesday, 23 January 2013
31 William Ewart
Constituency : Bletchingley 1828-30, Liverpool 1830-7, Wigan 1839-41, Dumfries Burghs 1841-68
William's Parliamentary career spanned 40 years ( albeit with a brief gap ) and he provides the textbook example of a zealous advanced Liberal in the pre-Gladstonian age.
William was a Liverpudlian barrister educated at Oxford where he won the Newdigate prize for English verse. His father was Gladstone's godfather hence the similarity in name. He came into Parliament for the pocket borough of Bletchingley in 1828 when William Lamb became Lord Melbourne but switched to Liverpool in 1830 rather than represent a borough that the Whigs intended to abolish.He was narrowly defeated in 1837 but returned two years later for Wigan where he stood as a Radical. He was ousted in the Tory victory of 1841 but found a permanent seat at Dumfries Burghs.
William devoted his career to worthy causes. In 1834 he carried a bill to abolish hanging in chains. In 1837 he managed to remove the death penalty for cattle rustling and other offences. In 1850 he carried a bill to establish rate-supported public libraries in the face of Conservative opposition to supporting a service used by the working classes and had to accept many restrictive caveats. In 1864 he was instrumental in an act to legalise the use of metric weights and measures and he pressed Palmerston to introduce decimalisation. The same year he sat on a Royal Commission to consider capital punishment as a convinced opponent ( his bill to abolish it altogether had been heavily defeated in 1840 ). He also campaigned for education audits and equality of opportunity in the civil service and army.
William maintained his early interest in literature and was a great friend of the novelist Elizabeth Gaskell.
He died of pneumonia a year after leaving Parliament at the age of 71. He lived in Devizes ( often finding work on his estate for hard-pressed locals ) and there is a memorial window to him in the parish church. Gladstone paid tribute describing him as "upon more than one subject a pioneer...doing the rough introductory work in his country's interest...upon subjects which at that time very few had begun to appreciate".
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