Saturday, 30 June 2018
1955 Thomas Guthrie
Constituency : Moray and Nairn 1922-23
Thomas took over from Sir Archibald Williamson following his elevation to the peerage. He was unopposed.
Thomas was educated at Craigmount School, Edinburgh.
At the general election in 1922 he had a narrow victory over an Asquithian. In 1923 he was defeated by a Unionist. In 1929 he contested Dunbartonshire but came a poor third.
He died in 1943 aged 72.
Friday, 29 June 2018
1954 Murdoch McDonald
Constituency : Inverness 1922-50 ( from 1931 Liberal National )
Sir Murdoch took over at Inverness following the resignation of Thomas Morrison. He defeated an Asquithian challenger by 316 votes.
Murdoch was educated at the Farriline Park Institution in Inverness. He began an engineering apprenticeship with the Highland Railway Company. He worked on various railway projects in Scotland before being invited to Egypt in 1898. He stayed there for 23 years and worked on the Aswan Dam. He became a senior civil servant there and helped organise the defence of the Suez Canal in World War One.. He later set up a partnership to handle his work in Egypt.He was knighted in 1914.
In the 1922 election, Murdoch defeated the same opponent with a larger majority. In 1923, 1924 and 1929, he had straight fights with Labour and won comfortably on each occasion.
In 1931 and 1935 he won easily in three cornered contests with Labour and the SNP.
In 1932 Murdoch was elected president of the Institution of Civil Engineers.
Murdoch joined the Liberal Nationals in 1931. Although he was supposed to have cut his ties with them in 1942 he still stood under their colours in 1945 when he became the oldest MP in the House defeating Labour and Liberal challengers.
Murdoch stood down in 1950. He twice visited Egypt in the fifties in connection with new civil works on the Nile.
Murdoch genuinely believed he had seen the Loch Ness monster and campaigned to protect it..
He died in 1957 aged 90.
Thursday, 28 June 2018
1953 Isaac Foot
Constituency : Bodmin 1922-24, 1929-35
Isaac's victory was the final gain for the Asquithian faction in the 1918-22 Parliament. He defeated the Coalition Unionist in a straight fight. It was his third attempt
Isaac was the son of a carpenter from Plymouth. He was educated at Plymouth Public School and the Hoe Grammar School. He worked for the Admiralty for a while before training as a solicitor. He was a Plymouth city councillor. He contested Totnes in January 1910. He contested Bodmin in December 1910 failing by just 41 votes.In 1918 he finished further behind the couponed Tory. In 1919 he came a poor third in the Plymouth Sutton by-election. He became a lifelong friend of the victor, Nancy Astor. In 1920 he went to America as Deputy Mayor of Plymouth for the Mayflower tercentenary. He was a staunch Methodist and a noted orator.
Isaac opposed the perpetual state pension going to Nelson's descendants.
Isaac had two tight victories in 1922 and 1923 then a narrow defeat in 1924. In 1929 he recovered the seat despite Labour's intervention. Despite his dislike of Lloyd George he campaigned vigorously for the policies in the Liberal Yellow Book.
Isaac was unopposed in 1931; he rejected Simon and Hore-Belisha's suggestion of a pledge of unqualified support for the National Government. In 1935, he was defeated by a Tory with the active aid of Simon, Hore-Belisha and Runciman.
Isaac served on the Round Table Conference on India in 1930-31 and became known for his championing of the underclasses. He became Secretary for Mines in the National Government in 1931 but resigned in 1932 over the Ottawa Agreements.
Isaac fought St Ives in 1937 on an anti-appeasement platform. falling short by just 210 votes of the Liberal National candidate. Labour stood aside for him.In 1945, he fought Tavistock and came second. He supported Peter Bessell and Jeremy Thorpe in their electoral ambitions.
Isaac held positions on various Liberal bodies and was Vice-President of the Methodist Conference in 1937-38. He was Lord Mayor of Plymouth in 1945.
Isaac was a bibliophile with over 70,000 books. He taught himself Greek in old age to read the New Testament in the original.
He died in 1960 aged 80. Most of his sons followed him into public life and the youngest, Michael was leader of the Labour party from 1980 to 1983.
Wednesday, 27 June 2018
1952 Margaret Wintringham
Constituency : Louth 1921-24
Margaret took over from her husband Thomas at Louth and became the first female Liberal MP. She excused herself from campaigning due to mourning but her supporters got her through to defeat the Tory despite Labour's intervention. She also drew some support from the Tories' Nancy Astor.
Margaret was born in Keighley. She was educated at Bolton Road School, Silsden where her father was head teacher and then Bedford Training College. She became a teacher then headmistress of a school in Grimsby. She was a former member of the NUWSS and a number of other women's pressure groups. She was also a temperance campaigner. Before her husband's election she had organised flood relief in the area.
Margaret was a radical on the left of the party. She campaigned for equal suffrage. equal pay, state scholarships for girls , retention of female police and women-only railway carriages. She tried to co-ordinate the other female MPs across party lines. She was a friend of Nancy Astor saying of her, " I felt she went about her task like a high stepping pony, while I stumbled along like a cart horse, but we both had our uses and worked in complete harmony together". Margaret held her seat in 1922 and 1923 in straight fights with the Tories. She voted with Labour over the Campbell case. She lost fairly narrowly in 1924 and would easily have re-taken it in 1929 but for Labour's intervention.
Margaret was president of the Women's National Liberal Federation from 1925 to 1926 and elected to the executive of the Liberal Federation in 1927. She served on Lindsey County Council in the thirties.
In 1935, Margaret stood in Aylesbury and substantially increased the Liberal vote but not by enough to seriously challenge the Tory.
She died in 1955 aged 75.
Tuesday, 26 June 2018
1951 Malcolm Smith
Constituency : Orkney and Shetland 1921-22
Malcolm took over at Orkney and Shetland as a Coalition Liberal after the death of the long serving Cathcart Wason. He was unopposed.
Malcolm was a crofter's son who became a prosperous businessman in Leith. He was chairman of the North British Cold Storage & Ice Co and Provost of Leith from 1907 to 1917.
In 1922 Malcolm was defeated by an Asquithian opponent, Robert Hamilton, in a straight fight.
He died in 1935 aged 78.
Monday, 25 June 2018
1950 Ernest Evans
Constituency : Cardiganshire 1921-23, University of Wales 1924-43
Ernest was elected to succeed Matthew Vaughan-Davies who had been given a peerage specifically to allow Ernest a route into Parliament. He was opposed by the former Carmarthen Boroughs MP, Llewellyn Williams, but won fairly comfortably.
Ernest was born in Aberystwyth. His father was Clerk to Cardiganshire County Council. He was educated at Llandovery College and Cambridge. He was President of the Union in 1909. He became a barrister and specialised in agricultural law. He served in France with the Royal Army Service Corps from 1915 and reached the rank of captain.From 1918 he acted as Lloyd George's private secretary.
In 1922 Ernest was again opposed by an Asquithian, this time Rhys Hopkin-Morris who ran him close. When the Liberal party reunited in 1923 Hopkin-Morris and his supporters refused to recognise Ernest's claim to the seat and Hopkin-Morris defeated him standing as an Independent Liberal.
In 1924 Ernest switched to the University of Wales seat where he defeated the Labour incumbent who had been elected as a Christian Pacifist candidate. He easily retained the seat in 1929, 1931 and 1935.
Ernest stood down in 1943 when he became a county court judge. He retired in 1957.
He died in 1965 aged 79.
Saturday, 23 June 2018
1949 Thomas Wintringham
Constituency : Louth 1920-21
Thomas recaptured Louth for the Liberals following the death of the Tory MP.
Thomas was a timber merchant based in Grimsby.
Thomas's most substantial parliamentary contribution was a speech against the Safeguarding of Industries Bill.
He died just over a year later aged 53, suffering a seizure in the news room of the Commons. His wife Margaret won the resulting by-election.
1948 Henry Fildes
Constituency : Stockport 1920-23, Dumfriesshire 1935-45 ( Liberal National )
Henry was elected as a Coalition Liberal after the death of Spencer Hughes. The Coalition Labour MP George Wardle resigned ar the same time so it was a double by-election and Henry came in second behind a Unionist.
In 1922 the Coalition held in Stockport and Henry just polled ahead of his Unionist running mate. In 1923 both the Tories and Liberals fielded two candidates and Henry came in fourth while his colleague Charles Royle was elected. A letter he received that year described him as a "Debucher" of Liberalism. In 1925 he contested the by-election when the Tory died coming third in a tight three-way contest. He stayed in third place in 1929. In 1931 Henry favoured the Liberal Nationals and dropped out of the contest at Stockport.
Henry was knighted in 1932.
Henry succeeded Joseph Hunter at Dumfriesshire in a by-election in 1935. He easily held the seat in the general election that year.
In 1940 Henry spoke against the mass evacuation policy on behalf of the reception areas.
Henry stood down in 1945.
He died in 1948 aged 78.
Friday, 22 June 2018
1947 Walter Forrest
Constituency : Pontefract 1919-22, Batley and Morley 1924-9
Walter's victory at Pontefract was another hold for the Coalition Liberals . He won by a fairly comfortable margin over Labour.
Walter was the son of a Leeds textile manufacturer. He was a partner in his father's firm and developed interests in investment trusts, insurance and heavy industry. He was a member of Pudsey Town Council and Mayor from 1909 to 1912. He was also a West Riding county councillor.
Walter was briefly PPS to the Postmaster-General in 1922.
In 1922 Unionist intervention handed the seat to Labour with Walter coming third. In 1923 , he stood for Batley and ran the Labour MP Ben Turner close in a straight fight. In 1924 he won the seat against the trend. In 1929 he was soundly defeated by Turner in their third straight contest.
In 1931 Walter joined the Conservatives citing his loss of faith in Free Trade although shortly afterwards he decided to align with Simon's Liberal Nationals instead. He was knighted in 1935 and was an executive member of the Liberal National Council.
Walter was part of the Society of Yorkshiremen in London.
He died in 1939 aged 69.
Thursday, 21 June 2018
1946 David Matthews
Constituency : Swansea East 1919-22
Coalition nerves were steadied when David held on to Swansea East following the death of Thomas Williams, although with a reduced majority.
David was a town councillor in Swansea and a well known civic figure. He was a nonconformist and something of a Welsh nationalist. He was a merchant and a director of fuel and tinplate companies.
In 1920, David was one of a group of MPs calling for a Secretary of State for Wales and a year later tried to introduce a private bill to that effect.
David stood down in 1922.
He died in 1960 aged 91.
Wednesday, 20 June 2018
1945 Murdoch Wood
Constituency : Central Aberdeenshire and Kincardine 1919-24, Banffshire 1929-35
Murdoch notched up a third win for the Asquith faction after another Tory MP succumbed to influenza. The Liberals had come fairly close in 1918 fielding the former West Aberdeen MP John Henderson. Henderson wanted to stand in the by-election as a government supporter with the full backing of the local Liberal Association and the coalition whips. However the local Tories didn't want him and selected their own candidate. Neither candidate received government approval which led to Henderson's withdrawal. When Murdoch was adopted as the Liberal candidate it simplified matters and the Tory stood as the government candidate. There was also a Labour candidate in the field. He split the anti-Coalition vote but not by enough to stop Murdoch capturing the seat by 186 votes. As The Times commented , no Coalition seat could now be considered safe and it's remarkable how quickly the public mood turned against the government.
Murdoch was educated at Fordyce Academy and Edinburgh University. He became a barrister and then a journalist for the Daily Mail. He served with the Gordon Highlanders in World War One and was severely wounded. He reached the rank of major. He stood for Ayr Burghs in 1918 and may have won were it not for a Labour candidate.
Murdoch received the OBE in 1919.
Murdoch held his seat comfortably in the absence of a Labour candidate and with a reduced majority in 1923 in another straight fight. He was appointed Scottish whip after the election. In 1924 Labour's intervention cost him the seat.
In 1929 Murdoch switched to his hometown constituency of Banffshire and regained the seat for the Liberals in a three-cornered contest.
In 1931 Murdoch was elected unopposed and was an assistant whip while the Liberals were part of the National Government. He remained a whip for the Liberals between 1932 and 1934.
In 1935 Murdoch was defeated by the Tory in a straight fight.
He died in 1949 aged 68.
Tuesday, 19 June 2018
1944 Joseph Kenworthy
Constituency : Hull Central 1919-26, 1926-31 ( Labour )
Just weeks after Alfred Newbould's triumph, Joseph secured another gain for the independent Liberals when he took Hull Central which had been solidly Tory since 1885. He campaigned from the left on conscription, free trade, housing and settling ex-servicemen. He overturned a 10,000 majority in a straight fight with a Coalition Tory.
Joseph was from Leamington. He was educated at Eastman's Royal Naval Academy in Winchester in preparation for a naval career. He served during World War One including a spell in the Admiralty's Plans Division. He rose to the rank of Lieutenant-Commander although his naval record was questionable with colleagues questioning his fitness for command. He stood at Rotherham in 1918 coming a poor third.His father became Baron Strabolgi, a revived title, in 1916
Joseph was strongly opposed to Lloyd George and soon proved a thorn in the side of the Coalition government. He called for a "good, early and non-vengeful peace". Lloyd George actually respected Joseph's advice on foreign policy but Churchill found him particularly irritating. He introduced a bill for the welfare of performing animals in 1921.
In 1924 Joseph voted with Labour over the Campbell case. He was part of a radical group of Liberal MPs in the mid-twenties. However, when Asquith was forced to retire in 1926 , Joseph chose to join Labour rather than serve under Lloyd George. He resigned in order to vindicate his decision through a by-election and won that despite Labour never having contested the seat before. He won it easily and strengthened his position in 1929. However he was defeated in 1931.
In 1934, Joseph succeeded his father. He was an opponent of appeasement. He was Labour's chief whip in the Lords between 1938 and 1942 and was disappointed not to have a job in Attlee's government.
Joseph wrote plenty of books. He published one supporting Indian independence in 1931 and a number during and after the Second World War.
He died in 1953 aged 67.
Monday, 18 June 2018
1943 Alfred Newbould
Constituency : Leyton West 1919-22
The 1918-22 parliament was an eventful one with Lloyd George having a bumpy ride. The post-war promises of "homes fit for heroes" fell victim to the Geddes Axe on public spending and surreptitious Tory opposition in the form of the Anti-Waste League. The situation in Ireland deteriorated into violence and Lloyd George's personal standing was harmed by the actions of the Black and Tans. The sale of honours corroded it further. Politically, talk of a centre party foundered due to opposition from both wings of the coalition and Lloyd George's position steadily deteriorated as his followers were depleted by defections and by-election losses. In November 1922, the Tories decided they could do without him and he resigned ( rather precipitately ), prompting a general election.
The small band of independent Liberals soldiered on and their interim leader Donald Maclean acquitted himself rather well so that Asquith's return in a convenient by-election in 1920 probably did them no favours.
They didn't have to wait long for a boost in their numbers. Before Parliament met, the Tory MP for Leyton West died of flu. In the general election, Alfred had been thrashed by his opponent who received the coupon in a straight fight. He comfortably turned that round just weeks later campaigning for the abolition of conscription and restrictions on profiteering. He was actually struck down by a cold himself during the campaign and his wife did much of his canvassing.
Alfred was from Staffordshire and was educated at Burton Grammar School. Alfred joined the army and fought in the Boer war. He then moved into the film industry. He was a director of a number of film companies and a publicist for Gaumont. He sat on a number of trade bodies.
Alfred's maiden speech called for the speedy release of service personnel and he put his own victory down to the votes of wives of absent soldiers retained against their will.
Alfred was a leading supporter of Liberal reunion. In June 1921 he and the Coalition Liberal John Wallace co-hosted a dinner for Liberal MPs on both sides to stimulate the process and re-affirm Liberal policy on Free Trade and Ireland.
Alfred's final speech in the Commons called for a reduction in the Entetainments Duty which he claimed was killing the film industry.
Alfred lost his seat in 1922 due to the intervention of a Labour candidate. He missed out on regaining it by just 64 votes in a tight three-cornered contest. In 1924 he slipped to third place.
In 1927, Alfred was nominated to a committee of the London Liberal Federation to look into the organisational health of the party in London. He stood unsuccessfully for the L.C.C. in 1928.
He died in 1952 aged 78.
Sunday, 17 June 2018
1942 Sir Ashton Lister
Constituency : Stroud 1918-22
Sir Ashton took over from Charles Allen at Stroud. He received the coupon and defeated Labour in a straight fight.
Ashton was the head of a firm that made agricultural machinery. He went to the Paris Exhibition in 1867 and had worked extensively in Canada. He was 73 at the time of his election and had contested Tewkesbury in 1906 and both 1910 elections coming pretty close each time. He was a Gloucestershire county councillor. He was knighted in 1911.
Ashton stood down in 1924.
He died in 1929 aged 84.
That concludes our look at the victors of 1918. We now move to the by-election winners of the 1918 to 1922 Parliament.
Saturday, 16 June 2018
1941 Edwin Gange
Constituency : Bristol North 1918-22
Edwin won Bristol North as a Coalition Liberal after Augustine Birrell decided to step down. He defeated Labour and National Party candidates.
Edwin was a Baptist minister's son from Bristol. He went into business and headed a property company. He was co-opted to Bristol Town Council.
Edwin stood down in 1922. He became President of the Bristol Liberal Club. After 1931 he supported the Liberal Nationals and campaigned for Robert Bernays.
He died in 1944 aged 72.
Friday, 15 June 2018
1940 George Britton
Constituency : Bristol East 1918-22
George took Bristol East from Charles Hobhouse who refused to support the coalition. Hobhouse ended up coming a very poor third behind Labour.
George was head of a boot and shoe manufacturing company, a major employer in Bristol. He became a city councillor in 1897. He was a strong supporter of Lloyd George and suggested the formation of a Commonwealth party from the Conservatives and Liberals. Hobhouse's denunciation provoked a split in the Bristol East Liberal Association and George accepted nomination as a Coalition Liberal candidate.
George's few parliamentary contributions were on business matters.
George stood down in 1922.
He died in 1929 aged 66.
Thursday, 14 June 2018
1939 Tudor Rees
Constituency : Barnstaple 1918-22, 1923-4
Tudor won Barnstaple in a straight fight with a Conservative. Both candidates were supporters of the government and it's unclear which , if either, of them, was given the coupon. In any case Tudor took the Coalition whip as soon as he got there. He campaigned on housing, reform of the jury system and a hard line on pacifists. He won by 602 votes.
Tudor was from Glamorgan. He was educated at the University of Wales. He was first a solicitor and then a barrister.He organised a recruiting campaign in World War One then joined up himself, serving as a captain in the Welsh Regiment. He was a devout Anglican who contemplated holy orders but supported disestablishment.
Tudor never spoke in Parliament.
Tudor was narrowly defeated in 1922 as a straight Liberal but recaptured the seat in 1923 despite Labour's intervention. He generally voted with the Tories during the 1924 Parliament. He lost fairly narrowly in 1924 in a straight fight with the Tory.
In 1939, Tudor became a judge. He published a number of legal works.
He died in 1956 aged 75.
Wednesday, 13 June 2018
1938 Cecil Malone
Constituency : Leyton East 1918-19, 1919-22 ( British Socialist Party then Communist ), Northampton 1928-31 ( Labour )
Cecil won the new seat of Leyton East as a Coalition Liberal defeating Unionist and Labour opponents. He later claimed to have never actually joined the Liberals.
Cecil was a minister's son from Yorkshire.He was educated at Cordwalles School in Maidenhead then joined the navy. He attended the Naval Flying School and became a pilot. He commanded seaplane carriers in World War One and flew in the Cuxhaven Raid in 1914. He also took part in the Dardanelles campaign. He joined the Plans Division of the Admiralty in 1918 and was the Air Representative on the Supreme War Council. He became a lieutenant colonel in the RAF. He was a member of the anti-socialist Reconstruction Society. He was awarded an OBE.
In September 1919, Cecil visited Russia where he met Trotsky and travelled on his special train during the Russian Civil War. He returned a committed Communist and defected to the British Socialist Party which soon became subsumed in the Communist Party of Great Britain. He was active in the Hands Off Russia campaign. He was elected to the new party 's central committee but some members thought he was actually a counter-revolutionary spy.
In 1920 Cecil delivered a speech at the Royal Albert Hall which countenanced the revolutionary lynching of Churchill and Curzon. He was charged with sedition and sentenced to six months. He was stripped of his O.B.E. He supported the idea of affiliating the Communist Party to Labour but when this didn't happen he joined the I.L.P. in 1922.
Cecil did not contest his seat in 1922 but fought Ashton-under-Lyne for Labour in 1924.
In 1928, Cecil returned to Parliament as Labour MP for Northampton in a by-election. He was discovered to be in the pay of the Japanese , passing on information on defence matters. He was briefly PPS to the Minister of Pensions in 1931.
In 1931 Cecil went down to a crushing defeat in a straight fight with the Conservatives.
In 1942 Cecil was staff officer to the chief warden in Westminster's Civil Defence then from 1943 worked for the Admiralty again. After the war he became Vice President of the Royal Television Society.
He died in 1965 aged 74.
Tuesday, 12 June 2018
1937 Frank Briant
Constituency : Lambeth North 1918-29, 1931-4
Frank pulled off one of the surprise results of the election in capturing the former Tory seat of Lambeth North despite the incumbent having the coupon.
Frank was a civil servant. He then became superintendent of the Alford House Institute. He served as a councillor on both the L.C.C. and Lambeth Borough Council. He was also involved in social work in the city. He was a Congregationalist. He was first selected to fight the seat in 1912. He was a longstanding supporter of female suffrage.
Frank was a staunch Asquithian. He was nominated to the reunion committee in 1919.
Frank held his seat in 1922 despite the incursion of a Labour candidate. He had a comfortable victory in 1923 then hung on by 29 votes in 1924.
Frank worked with other radical Liberals like William Benn and Percy Harris in the 1924-29 Parliament.
In 1929 Frank narrowly lost to Labour.
In 1931 the Tories withdrew from contesting the seat and Frank crushed the Labour incumbent. Frank predicted a rise in crime from the cutting of unemployment benefit.
Frank was a quiet and unassuming man in private.
He died in 1934 aged 68.
Monday, 11 June 2018
1936 William Woolcock
Constituency : Hackney Central 1918-22
William was elected took over from Albert Spicer as a Coalition Liberal for Hackney Central. He was unopposed.
William was a chemical manufacturer. He worked in the War Office during the war as Assistant Director of Army Contracts and then chairman of the Medical Stores Committee. He was awarded the O.B.E. in 1918.
William's maiden speech welcomed the Profiteering Bill.
William stood down in 1922.
William was part of the UK delegation to the Ottawa Conference as an industrial adviser.
He died in 1947 aged 69.
Saturday, 9 June 2018
1935 Richard Morris
Constituency : Battersea North 1918-22
Richard won the new seat of Battersea North as a Coalition Liberal in a straight fight with Labour.
Richard stood down in 1922.
He died in 1956 aged 87.
Friday, 8 June 2018
1934 Stephen Howard
Constituency : Sudbury 1918-22
Stephen made a surprise gain by taking Sudbury from the Tories despite their candidate having the coupon. Once elected, he took the Coalition whip.
Stephen was a tenant farmer working substantial holdings in East Anglia. He was also a Cambridgeshire county councillor.
Stephen's parliamentary contributions were largely on agricultural matters.
In 1922 Stephen faced opposition from an Asquithian Liberal and the seat went Conservative.
He died in 1934 aged 77. His son was a Tory MP in the fifties.
1933 Albert Martin
Constituency : Romford 1918-23, 1923 ( Conservative )
Albert took over from John Bethell who had switched seats. He was awarded the coupon and defeated Labour and National Socialist Party candidates.
Albert was a successful merchant whose firm was based in Southend. He was active in the Territorial Army.
Albert held his seat comfortably as a National Liberal in the absence of a Conservative challenge. When the Liberal party reunited in 1923 , the local party selected a different candidate . Albert was adopted by the Romford Conservatives for the election but was not unanimously welcomed and in the end he withdrew, citing health concerns.
Albert became a councillor in Barking and was Mayor in 1931-2.
He died in 1936 aged 59.
Thursday, 7 June 2018
1932 Sir William Cozens-Hardy
Constituency : South Norfolk 1918-20
William took over from Arthur Soames at South Norfolk. He did not receive the coupon, probably because he entered the field late, but still had a straight fight with Labour and said he would support the government.
William was the son of the former MP Baron Cozens-Hardy. He was educated at University College School, Hampstead and Oxford where he became President of the Union. He became a barrister. He was knighted in 1912. In 1913 he declined the post of Chief Justice of Bengal. In the First World War he was a commander in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve serving in the intelligence department. He visited Morocco in 1917 as Lloyd George's personal representative.
William succeeded to the barony in 1920.
William loved motoring around Europe and was killed in a car accident in Bavaria in 1924 aged 55..
Wednesday, 6 June 2018
1931 Alexander Lyle-Samuel
Constituency : Eye 1918-23
Alexander took over from Weetman Pearson at Eye . He had the coupon and had a comfortable victory over a Unionist opponent.
Alexander was a Baptist minister's son from Birmingham. He was educated at King Eward's School, Birmingham and Cambridge. He first married an Antiguan lady who ended up in a lunatic asylum and then a rich widow from New York. He started work as a banking clerk then a temperance organisation. He then had a spell in journalism before a failed hotel venture. He eventually became a barrister. He served in World War One despite uncertain health and reached the rank of lieutenant.
After winning the election in 1918, Alexander sued his Tory opponent and the National News over allegations that both his marriages were financially motivated and involvement in dishonest transactions. He eventually won damages in the Court of Appeal.
Alexander was accused by the ultra-Tory Henry Croft of sitting for a German town after a speech criticising German reparations.
Alexander moved over to the Asquithians after a speech in July 1921 attacking the protectionist Safeguarding of Industries Bill. His challenger in 1922 was Gerald Howard for the National Liberals.
Alexander served on the Select Committeee on Taxation of Bets in 1923.
In 1923, Alexander was defeated by the Unionists when Labour intervened.
In 1924, Alexander stood for Grantham and came second.
Alexander then relocated to New York where he remained. His British interests went into receivership in 1928. He died in New York in 1942 aged 59.
Tuesday, 5 June 2018
1930 Oscar Guest
Constituency : Loughborough 1918-22, Camberwell North West 1935-45 ( Conservative )
Oscar took over from Maurice Levy at Loughborough. He received the coupon and defeated the Labour candidate in a straight fight.
Oscar was the youngest son of Baron Wimborne and the fourth son to become an MP. He served as a pilot in World War One. He reached the rank of major.
Oscar's maiden speech was in favour of encouraging civil aircraft development. He was chairman of the New Members' Coalition Group. He was a junior minister from 1921 to 1922.
Oscar stood down in 1922,
Oscar returned to politics as a Conservative in 1935 when he won Camberwell North West. In 1945 he switched to Brecon and Radnor but was defeated there.
He died in 1958 aged 69.
Monday, 4 June 2018
1929 Henry Gregory
Constituency : Derbyshire South 1918-22
Henry took over from Herbert Raphael at South Derbyshire. He received the coupon and had a straight fight with Labour.
Henry was a solicitor's son from Bath. He was educated at Bristol Grammar School. He first joined his father's firm then switched to being a barrister. He became Recorder of Bath in 1916. That same year he got Roger Casement's co-defendant, Daniel Bailey, acquitted.
Henry stood down in 1922.
Lord Haldane was intending to make Henry a High Court judge but the government fell first. He received a number of lesser appointments and became Recorder of London in 1934.
He chaired the Royal Commission on Unemployment Insurance in 1930 which recommended the reductions in unemployment insurance that brought down the second Labour government. A civil servant described him as "a washout" who wasn't able to grasp ecenomics.He also chaired committees or inquiries into workmen's compensation, naval pensions, Basque refugees and industrial disputes.
Henry was knighted in 1935.
Henry retired in 1937.
He died in 1947 aged 82.
Saturday, 2 June 2018
1928 Charles White
Constituency : West Derbyshire 1918-23
Charles achieved one of the most remarkable results of the election when he ousted the coupon-sporting incumbent in a seat the Liberals had rarely bothered to contest since 1886.
Charles was from Tetbury in Gloucestershire and was educated privately. He was originally a boot and shoemaker but then became a registration and political agent for the Liberal Party. He worked closely with Barnet Kenyon. He was a Derbyshire county councillor and also sat on UDC's in the area although not all at the same time. He contested West Derbyshire in December 1910.
Charles was a regular questioner during his time in the House.
In 1922, Charles held on against the Cavendish heir by just 87 votes in a straight fight.
Charles died of pneumonia in 1923 shortly before the election took place . He was 60. His son Charles later took the seat for Labour after a brief dalliance with the Common Wealth party.
1927 Stanley Holmes
Constituency : North East Derbyshire 1918-22, Harwich 1935-54 ( from 1935 Liberal National )
Stanley was perhaps the luckiest Liberal in the 1918 contest. The Unionist incumbent George Bowden had fallen out with the party and the coupon was given to a member of the Cavendish family instead. However Bowden stood as an Independent Unionist. This split in the Unionist vote allowed Stanley to triumph. Cavendish finished fourth, the worst result for a couponed candidate anywhere.
Stanley was a Londoner educated at the City of London school. He was a chartered accountant and businessman. He was vice-president of the Building Societies Association. He was a member of the LCC from 1910 to 1919.
Stanley's maiden speech called for an end to conscription.
In 1922 Stanley lost to Labour by just 15 votes. In 1923 he contested Dunbartonshire and came third.In 1924 He contested Cheltenham and came a close second in the absence of a Labour candidate.
Stanley eventually returned to Parliament as a Liberal National succeeding John Pybus at Harwich. He held on in 1945 and had fairly easy victories in 1950 and 1951 ( when he changed his designation to National Liberal and Conservative ). Shirley Williams, who contested the by-election when he stood down, described Stanley as "a man distinguished by his total silence in the House of Commons".
Stanley was elevated to the peerage as Baron Dovercourt in 1954.
He died in 1961 aged 82.
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