Thursday, 28 February 2013
68 Francis Russell
Constituency : Limerick Borough 1852-71
Francis was supported by the Catholic clergy of Limerick.
Francis was described by Lord Kimberley as " a rather vulgar but shrewd looking Limerick flax spinner". He also noted a rumour that Francis might be in danger of losing his seat in 1865 through his incivility in not responding to constituents' letters.
Francis died while still serving in 1871 aged 71.
Wednesday, 27 February 2013
67 George Gavin
Constituency : Limerick Borough 1858, 1859-74
George was a Major who saw service in Afghanistan in the 1840s. He was a well built man. He was supported by the Catholic clergy of Limerick. He was oiginally elected in a by-election but unseated on petition. He won it at the next election
In 1862 George became involved in a row between the Irish secretary Sir Robert Peel and his friend The O'Donoghue over remarks made by the former in the House.
George was opposed to Home Rule and retired in 1874.
He died in 1880 aged 69 . His son played for Ireland at cricket.
Tuesday, 26 February 2013
66 William Monsell
Constituency : Limerick 1847-74
William was a landowner who resided in Ireland. He went to Oxford but did not graduate. In 1843 he helped found St Columba's College.
William was first elected in 1847 and converted to Catholicism three years later. In 1852 he joined Lord Aberdeen's government as Clerk to the Ordnances and retained the post under Palmerston before a brief stint at the Board of Health. He returned to government in 1866 when he succeeded Goschen as President of the Board of Trade and also Paymaster-General. Gladstone also found a use for him as Under-Secretary for the Colonies (1868-71) and Postmaster-General (1871-3).
William retired in 1874 and received a peerage as Baron Emly. He opposed the Irish National Land League and Home Rule.
He died in 1894 aged 81.
Monday, 25 February 2013
65 John Brady
Constituency : Leitrim 1852-80 ( initially stood as Tenant Right )
John was a doctor and considerable landowner who was first elected as a Tenant Right candidate in 1852. He was a Catholic.
John was a frequent speaker in the House.
He was forced to stand down by ill health.
Sunday, 24 February 2013
64 Sir John Arnott
Constituency : Kinsale 1859-63
John was another notable Victorian with a relatively brief Parliamentary career. He was born in Scotland in rather humble surroundings and moved to Cork in 1837 where he worked in a shop until starting his own business in drapery. This rapidly expanded across Britain and he acquired interests in horse racing , shipping, brewing, railways and newspapers. He also became a philanthropist, leading an investigation into the treatment of children at Cork's workhouse.
In 1859 he was elected both Lord Mayor of Cork and MP for Kinsale. During his four year stint as an MP he sat on the select committee for the Irish Poor Law Relief Bill.
In 1896 John was created a baronet and died two years later.
Friday, 22 February 2013
63 Sir Patrick O' Brien
Constituency : King's County 1852-85 ( 1880-5 as Home Rule League )
Patrick was an Irish baronet and a barrister. He went to the Danubian principlities in 1853 and published an account of his experiences there.
In his last election of 1880 he stood under Home Rule League colours.
He died childless in 1895 aged 72. His tomb in Chelsea is a listed building.
Patrick was an Irish baronet and a barrister. He went to the Danubian principlities in 1853 and published an account of his experiences there.
In his last election of 1880 he stood under Home Rule League colours.
He died childless in 1895 aged 72. His tomb in Chelsea is a listed building.
62 Michael Sullivan
Constituency : Kilkenny City 1847-65
Michael was a merchant who was first elected under Repeal Association colours then supported the Independent Irish party before reverting to the Liberals.
Michael became Sherriff of Kilkenny in 1870.
He died in 1878 aged 69.
Michael was a merchant who was first elected under Repeal Association colours then supported the Independent Irish party before reverting to the Liberals.
Michael became Sherriff of Kilkenny in 1870.
He died in 1878 aged 69.
Thursday, 21 February 2013
61 Leopold Agar -Ellis
Constituency : County Kilkenny 1857-74
Leopold was the son of the Catholic peer Baron Dover. He was a Cambridge-educated barrister but became Aide-de-Camp to the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland ( Lord Carlisle, his uncle ) in 1855. In 1857 he was elected for Kilkenny at the age of 28.
Leopold resumed the same office on Palmerson's return to power serving until 1864. He held no office in Gladstone's first administration.
He left Parliament in 1874 but returned as Baron Dover in 1895 after his nephew died childless. He himself died without issue four years later at the age of 70.
Wednesday, 20 February 2013
60 John Greene
Constituency : County Kilkenny 1847-65
John was a landowner and another member of the Irish Independent Party who came back into the fold. He was a Brigadier. Derby's Irish Secretary Lord Naas described him as " a most uncertain half crazy being - never makes up his mind till the last moment."
He died a bachelor in 1883 aged 75 .
Tuesday, 19 February 2013
59 William Cogan
Constituency : Kildare 1852-80
William first got elected in a by-election in 1852. He held off the Home Rule challenge in 1874 but the seat was lost when he retired in 1880.
He died in 1894 aged 71.
Monday, 18 February 2013
58 Richard O'Ferrall
Constituency : Kildare 1830-47 , Longford 1851, Kildare 1859-65
Richard was the son of a major and a prominent associate of Daniel O'Connell and one of the first wave of Catholics to enter the House following Emancipation. He joined Melbourne's government as a whip in 1835 and was promoted first to First Secretary to the Admiralty in 1839 then Financial Secretary to the Treasury at the end of the ministry in 1841. He stepped down in 1847 to become Governor of Malta from 1847-51. He resigned the position a few months later in protest at the Ecclesiastical Titles Act and returned to Parliament for Longford in 1851 for the express purpose of attacking the Bill ( and Russell ) and did not stand in the subsequent General Election.
Richard returned to Kildare and Parliament in 1859 and served till 1865 without re-joining the government.
He died in 1880 aged 83 the same year that his son Ambrose unsuccessfully contested Kildare.
Sunday, 17 February 2013
57 Valentine Browne
Constituency : Kerry 1852-71
Valentine was the son of an Irish peer, the Earl of Kenmare and was also known as Viscount Castlerosse from 1853. His first role in public life was as High Sherriff of Kerry in 1851.
Valentine was first elected in 1852 and in 1856 Palmerston appointed him Comptroller of the Household. In Palmerston's second administration he was Vice-Chamberlain of the Household , a post he held until Russell's government resigned in 1866. Gladstone re-appointed him in the same post in 1868.
In 1871 Valentine succeeded his father as Earl and went to the Lords ( the Home Rule League won the ensuing by-election ). He also had to resign his post which was normally held by a commoner and became a whip instead. When Gladstone returned to power in 1880 he was made Lord Chamberlain of the Household. He briefly held the post again in 1886.
Despite his Catholicism Valentine joined the Liberal Unionists over Home Rule.
Valentine died in 1905 aged 79
Saturday, 16 February 2013
56 Henry Herbert
Constituency : Kerry 1847-66
Henry was from an Anglo-Irish landowning family based on the Muckross Estate in Kerry. His grandfather was a previous MP for the seat. He was educated at Eton and Cambridge.
Henry had a brief spell as Chief Secretary for Ireland under Palmerston from 1857-8 but wasn't recalled to the government when Palmerston returned to power in 1859.
Henry was married to the British watercolour artist Mary Balfour.
He died in 1866 at the age of 51 and was succeeded in his seat by his son.
Henry was from an Anglo-Irish landowning family based on the Muckross Estate in Kerry. His grandfather was a previous MP for the seat. He was educated at Eton and Cambridge.
Henry had a brief spell as Chief Secretary for Ireland under Palmerston from 1857-8 but wasn't recalled to the government when Palmerston returned to power in 1859.
Henry was married to the British watercolour artist Mary Balfour.
He died in 1866 at the age of 51 and was succeeded in his seat by his son.
Friday, 15 February 2013
55 Ulick de Burgh ( Lord Dunkellin )
Constituency : Galway Borough 1857-65 , County Galway 1865-7
Ulick was the son and heir of Lord Clanricarde who, despite his Liberal colours , was the most notorious absentee landlord in Ireland. He was educated at Eton.
Ulick was a professional soldier, a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Coldstream Guards. He fought in the Crimean War and was briefly taken prisoner during the Siege of Sevastopol. In 1856 he went to India as Military Secretary to his uncle Lord Canning the Viceroy. From there he fought in the Persian Expedition of 1856-7. He was still in Calcutta for the 1857 election where Thomas Burke, MP for the Galway county seat and another relative, did the spadework for him.
Ulick followed his father into the Adullamite camp and spoke in favour of Grosvenor's wrecking amendment in 1866.
He died suddenly at the age of 40 in 1867 and so never inherited the title.
Thursday, 14 February 2013
54 William Gregory
When I began this blog I didn't expect to unearth a personal connection beyond my mother's brief acquaintance with Cyril Smith and my own superficial encounters with latter-day Liberal Democrats but here we are with William whose much-younger second wife was my grandmother's aunt ( does that make her my great-great aunt ? I don't know ).
William was born at Dublin Castle and educated at Harrow and Oxford. He was first elected in a by-election for Dublin as a young Tory in 1842 but lost out by a mere 7 votes in 1847. He then went travelling publishing books on his adventures in Egypt and Tunis in the 1850s before returning to Parliament under the Peelite "Liberal Conservative" designation and perhaps more importantly as an enthusiast for Palmerston in 1857 at County Galway. He was a Protestant himself but had strong support from the Roman Catholic clergy.
William was averse to further parliamentary reform and attacked the 1860 Reform Bill in an able speech dwelling on the horrors of American democracy.
William supported the South in the American Civil War and was vigorously anti-Turkish as well. He was not enamoured of Russell and turned down the Secretaryship to the Admiralty joining the Adullamite faction instead. When Russell fell he turned down the same job offer from Derby and remained in the Liberal fold.
William was an avid fan of horse racing and often in financial difficulty as a result
William resigned his seat in 1872 to become Governor of Ceylon , a post he held for five years. He did not return to political life. In 1873 his first wife died after only 18 months of marriage and he married Isabella Persse , 35 years his junior seven years later. They had one son Robert who died in a friendly fire incident towards the end of World War One. They spent most of their married life travelling with visits to Egypt and Ceylon.
William died in London in 1892 aged 72.
Wednesday, 13 February 2013
53 Thomas Burke
Constituency : County Galway 1847-65
Thomas was the son and heir of an Irish landowning baronet based at Marble Hill. His father had been MP for the constituency between 1830 and 1832. He was also a relative of the notorious Lord Clanricarde and worked for the return of Lord Dunkellin in the Galway Borough constituency in 1857.
Thomas always stood as an independent liberal and seems to have been more interested in horse racing than politics, rarely speaking in the House.
Thomas died in 1875 aged 62.
Tuesday, 12 February 2013
52 John Fitzgerald
Constituency : Ennis 1852-60
John was another Irish barrister from a mercantile background.
In 1855 Palmerston appointed him Solicitor-General for Ireland then became Attorney-General the following year. He was re-appointed when Palmerston came back to power but the following year resigned his seat on becoming a judge.
In 1882 John became Baron Fitzgerald and a Lord of Appeal.
Monday, 11 February 2013
51 John Maguire
Constituency : Dungarvan 1852-65, Cork City 1865-72 ( Home Rule from 1870 )
John was a not particularly wealthy Cork merchant's son who made a living as a barrister and writer with The Cork Examiner . In 1867 he published a famous and influential book on The Irish In America. He also wrote other books including a novel.
John was first elected for Dungarvan in 1852 but switched seats to Cork in 1865. He was a frequent speaker in the House often protesting against coercion in Ireland. He was another Irish Liberal who supported the Pope , with whom he had three audiences, against Garibaldi. However John collaborated with Gladstone in disestablishing the Irish Church and was thought to be in line for a government position until he defected to the Home Rule party on its formation in 1870.
He died in 1872 aged 57.
Sunday, 10 February 2013
50 Sir George Bowyer
Constituency : Dundalk 1852-68, County Wexford 1874-80 ( Home Rule )
Sir George, the son and heir of a Berkshire baronet wasn't remotely Irish but was since 1850 a Catholic with all the zeal of a recent convert. He was a barrister with two published works on the civil law. He also became a frequent correspondent to The Times on religious matters. In later life he was showered with Catholic titles.
Sir George first stood for Parliament in a by-election at Reading in 1849 but was unsuccessful. Being elected for an Irish constituency in 1852 he was obliged to join the Independent Irish party later that year but was happy to revert to Liberal colours in 1857.
Sir George then became one of those Irish Liberal MPs who took the side of the Pope in the Irish wars and vigorously denounced Palmerston, Russell and Gladstone for supporting Garibaldi. That made him susceptible to Disraeli's overtures and he agreed to support the Second Reform Bill after hints of further Catholic concessions.
For the reasons above he was ejected from Dundalk by another Liberal in 1868. He spent the next six years out of Parliament. He returned as a Home Rule MP for Wexford in 1874 and he was turned out of the London Reform Club in 1876. He stood down in 1880.
He died in 1883 aged 71 and was buried in a church whose construction he had financed.
Saturday, 9 February 2013
49 James McCann
Constituency : Drogheda 1852-65
I've not been able to find out very much about this guy yet. Shortly after his first election he declared himself part of the Independent Irish Opposition but he was back in Liberal colours by 1857.
I've not been able to find out very much about this guy yet. Shortly after his first election he declared himself part of the Independent Irish Opposition but he was back in Liberal colours by 1857.
Friday, 8 February 2013
48 Francis Beamish
Constituency : Cork City 1837-41 ( Repeal Associaton ), 1853-65
Like his fellow MP William Fagan, Francis was a former Mayor of Cork who'd originally stood for the Repeal Association although when he was first elected in 1837 there was an electoral pact with the Whigs in operation. He didn't seek re-election in 1841 but returned to Parliament in a by-election in 1853. He and Fagan were unopposed in 1857 then won the seat in a fairly close contest in 1859.
Francis was a brewer.
He did not contest the seat in 1865.
Thursday, 7 February 2013
47 William Trant Fagan
Constituency : Cork City 1847-51 (Irish Repeal) , 1852-9
William was a wealthy Catholic merchant and an acolyte of Daniel O' Connell who became Mayor of Cork in 1844 and entered Parliament as a Repeal Association MP in 1847. In the same year he published his biography The Life and Times of Daniel O'Connell. While in Parliament he introduced bills relating to life assurance policies , small debts and the vexed question of church rates in Ireland. In 1851 he resigned the seat in order to become a Commissioner of Insolvency but was back again for the 1852 election where he stood as an Independent Whig pledged to form an Independent Irish Opposition party. This proved unachievable over the next five years so he stood as a mainstream Whig in 1857 and 1859.
He died 10 days after the 1859 election aged 58.
Wednesday, 6 February 2013
46 Vincent Scully
Constituency : Cork County 1852 -7, 1859-65
Vincent was the other MP for Cork County standing as a Repeal and Liberal candidate largely due to his father's association with Daniel O'Connell. The Scullys were a landowning family and Vincent was a Cambridge-educated barrister. He was first elected in 1852 then unseated by another Repealer in 1857 before regaining the seat in 1859.
Vincent wrote a number of pamphlets on the Irish land question. His expertise did not prevent him being swindled by his cousin the infamous fraudster Joseph Sadlier who arranged the sale of a property to another Liberal MP Herbert Ingram. The two had to go to court to sort out the mess.
Vincent died in 1871 aged 60.
Vincent was the other MP for Cork County standing as a Repeal and Liberal candidate largely due to his father's association with Daniel O'Connell. The Scullys were a landowning family and Vincent was a Cambridge-educated barrister. He was first elected in 1852 then unseated by another Repealer in 1857 before regaining the seat in 1859.
Vincent wrote a number of pamphlets on the Irish land question. His expertise did not prevent him being swindled by his cousin the infamous fraudster Joseph Sadlier who arranged the sale of a property to another Liberal MP Herbert Ingram. The two had to go to court to sort out the mess.
Vincent died in 1871 aged 60.
Tuesday, 5 February 2013
45 Rickard Deasy
Constituency : Cork 1855-61
Rickard was an Irish Catholic barrister with a large practice who first got elected in a by-election in 1855.
In 1859 Palmerston appointed Rickard Solicitor-General for Ireland then a year later Attorney-General. One of his first tasks was steering the 1860 Landlord and Tenant Bill through Parliament and thus it came to be known as Deasy's Act. He was unpartisan and generally popular in the House.
In 1861 Rickard became a judge on the Irish bench and had to give up his seat ( which fell to the Conservatives in the by-election ). In 1878 he was appointed ( by Disraeli's government ) to the Irish Court of Appeal.
He died in 1883 aged 71.
Monday, 4 February 2013
44 Luke White
Constituency : County Clare 1859-60, County Longford 1861-2, Kidderminster 1862-5
Luke was the son and heir of Henry White MP for Longford , the family descending from an eighteenth century bookseller who ended up a creditor of the Dublin administration. He was educated at Eton then went into the army achieving the rank of colonel.
Luke was elected along with the Tory Crofton Vandeleur in 1859 but his election was declared void ( the Liberals won the by-election anyway ). In 1861 his father made way for him at Longford. A year later Palmerston made him a junior Lord of the Treasury but he lost the consequent by-election when Major O'Reilly who had led a brigade defending the Pope against Garibaldi stood against him on the government's Italian policy. Both sides accused the other of intimidation in a disorderly contest but O'Reilly's victory was clear. Luke retreated to England where two months later the MP for Kidderminster stood down for him.
Luke lost the seat against the trend in 1865 when a scurrilous letter describing his Conservative opponent as "a fraudulent adventurer" backfired on him.
Luke was State Steward in Earl Spencer's Irish administration from 1868 to 1873. He inherited his father's title in 1873 and died aged 58 in 1888.
Luke was the son and heir of Henry White MP for Longford , the family descending from an eighteenth century bookseller who ended up a creditor of the Dublin administration. He was educated at Eton then went into the army achieving the rank of colonel.
Luke was elected along with the Tory Crofton Vandeleur in 1859 but his election was declared void ( the Liberals won the by-election anyway ). In 1861 his father made way for him at Longford. A year later Palmerston made him a junior Lord of the Treasury but he lost the consequent by-election when Major O'Reilly who had led a brigade defending the Pope against Garibaldi stood against him on the government's Italian policy. Both sides accused the other of intimidation in a disorderly contest but O'Reilly's victory was clear. Luke retreated to England where two months later the MP for Kidderminster stood down for him.
Luke lost the seat against the trend in 1865 when a scurrilous letter describing his Conservative opponent as "a fraudulent adventurer" backfired on him.
Luke was State Steward in Earl Spencer's Irish administration from 1868 to 1873. He inherited his father's title in 1873 and died aged 58 in 1888.
Sunday, 3 February 2013
43 John Dalberg-Acton
Constituency : Borough of Carlow 1859-65, Bridgnorth 1865-66
John was one of those eminent Victorians whose stint as an MP is little more than a footnote to their career. He was an English baronet, the grandson of a famous admiral. He was educated at Edinbugh because Cambridge would not admit him as a Catholic. He also spent time in Munich with the Catholic theologian Johann Dollinger who instilled his passion for historical research. With connections in all the right places he was made Deputy Lieutenant of Salop at the age of 21 in 1955 and accompanied Lord Granville, his stepfather, to the coronation of Alexander II in 1856.
Three years later John entered Parliament for the Irish seat of Carlow because there were few English constituencies ready to return a Catholic. He was adopted at Carlow thanks to the offices of Archbishop Cullen. He is mainly notable in this period for his influence on Gladstone who became a close friend ; it was John that persuaded him to back the South in the American Civil War upholding states' rights against a potentially tyrannical central government. In 1865 he switched to Bridgnorth where his election was declared void and the seat handed to the Tories. He contested it again in 1868 when it had been reduced to just one member but without success ( ironically it fell to the Liberals in a by-election two years later ).
With John losing interest in returning to the Commons he was raised to the peerage as Baron Acton in 1869 at Gladstone's suggestion.
In 1859 John took over the editorship of a Catholic monthly The Rambler from Cardinal Newman and three years later merged it with another paper the Home and Foreign Review. His contributions to this subjecting the pretensions of the church to rigorous historical scrutiny and his high-minded liberalism soon raised the ire of the Catholic hierarchy. In 1864 Pius IX declared that all Catholic opinion was subject to papal authority and John felt obliged to resign his position. In 1870 he went to Rome to support Dollinger's attempts to block the doctrine of papal infallibility at the First Vatican Council but did not join the Old Catholic secession that resulted. He responded to Gladstone's 1874 pamphlet The Vatican Decrees by a series of well-judged letters treading a middle ground which kept him in communion with both parties.It was in this context that he came out with the famous epithet "Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely" in a letter to a fellow scholar in 1887.
John conceived a monumental work the "History Of Liberty" but it was never realised beyond a couple of chapters delivered as lectures in Bridgnorth in 1877. He helped found the English Historical Review in 1886. He was showered with honorary degrees in subsequent years.
Gradually the ageing Gladstone drew John back towards politics again and he was a lord-in-waiting during Gladstone's last ministry. Rosebery pushed him towards academia by appointing him Regius Professor of Modern History at Cambridge in 1895.
He fell ill in 1901 and died the following year. His vast library went via Andrew Carnegie then John Marley to the University.
Saturday, 2 February 2013
42 Sir John Ennis
Constituency : Athlone 1857-65
Sir John was a wealthy Irish landowner and the father-in-law of The O'Donoghue.
Sir John was first elected in 1859 for the Irish Independent Party but two years later he was re-elected as a Liberal.
In 1866 he was created a baronet and became a director of the Bank of Ireland.
He died in 1878 aged 69
Friday, 1 February 2013
41 John Lanigan
Constituency : Cashel 1859-65
John is fairly obscure. He stood in 1857 as an Independent Opposition candidate and came third but two years later but won by a relative landslide two years later in this tiny constituency. The Times commented that he "appears to be affectionately remembered as an old ally of Daniel O'Connell, and a staunch supporter of the Old Ireland policy." Disraeli bracketed him with O'Donoghue and Sir John Ennis as someone who could be managed.
In 1865 he was in turn defeated by another Liberal.
John died in 1868 aged 65.
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