Wednesday, 8 February 2017

1465 Freeman Freeman-Thomas

Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, by Walter Stoneman, 1924 - NPG x162460 - © National Portrait Gallery, London


Constituency : Hastings  1900-06,  Bodmin 1906-10

Freeman  took  Hastings  from  the  Tories  whose  incumbent  stood  down  at  the  last  moment after  critisism  of  his  voting  record. His  predecessor's  wife  openly  supported  Freeman.

Freeman  was  the  son  of  a rifle  officer  and  grandson  of  Viscount  Hampden. he  was  educated  at  Eton  and  Cambridge  then  joined  the   volunteer   Sussex  Artillery. He  served  with  them  for  15  years  reaching  the  rank  of  major  before  entering  the  diplomatic  service  and  acting  as  aide-de-camp  to  his  father-in-law  Earl  Brassey  (  a  former  MP  for  the  seat )  when  Governor  of  Australia. He  was  a  country  gentleman  who  supported  Rosebery  and  the  Liberal  Imperialists.

Freeman  was  appointed  a  whip  in  1905  but  then  lost  his  seat, much  against  the  trend , in  1906. He  was  quickly  returned  for  Bodmin  in  a  by-election. He  then  served  as  private  secretary  to  Asquith.

Freeman  stood  down  in   January  1910  and  was  created  Baron  Willingdon. He  became  a  lord-in-waiting  to  George  V the  following  year  and  a  favoured  tennis  companion. In  1913  he  was  appointed  Crown  Governor  of  Bombay  where  he  aided  the  war  effort  by  treating  wounded  soldiers  during  the  Mesopotamian  Campaign. He  clashed  with  Gandhi  over  payment  of  taxes  before  resigning  the position  in  1918.

Freeman  was  soon  sent  back  to  India  as  Governor  of  Madras. He  had  to  declare  martial  law  in  1921  to  quell  riots. When  his  tenure  ended  in  1924  he  was  upgraded  to  a  viscount.

In  1926  Freeman  was  appointed  Governor-General  of  Canada  by  the  King, rather  against  Baldwin's  wishes. Changes  to  dominion  status  meant  Freeman's  duties  were  largely  ceremonial. When  his  tenure  ended  in  1931  he  was  upgraded  to  an  earl  and  made  viceroy  and  Governor-General  of  India. In  1932  he  imprisoned  Gandhi  and  other  leaders  to  quell  the  Civil  Disobedience  Movement. His  tenure  ended  in  1936  and  Edward  VIII  upgraded  him  to  a  Marquess.

He  died  in  1941  aged  74.

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